TUGAS 1 BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 2

TOEFL

(Test of English as a Foreign Language) test is used to determine a person's level of proficiency in English. This test is intended for people who do not use English as their mother tongue. Generally, this test is used as one of the prerequisites for someone who wants to study or work in a country that uses English in everyday komunikas.

 A single subject examination recognized in the USA and Canada, as well as other countries where English is the language of instruction , as an indication of English proficiency for placement of student in colleges and universities.

The TOEFL examination can only be taken at centres established by the examination board, which are in approximately 170 countries throughout the world. It is administered regularly throughout the world.

The TOEFL Institution Code for the University of Hertfordshire is 0493. Students should be asked to enter this code on their answer sheets when they sit the examination. This will ensure that the score is sent directly to UH from Educational Testing Service.

1. The Paper-Based TOEFL test (PBT)

The TOEFL® paper-based Test (PBT) is available in limited areas. Scores are valid for two years after the test date, and test takers can have their scores sent to institutions or agencies during that time.

1. Listening (30 – 40 minutes)

The Listening section consists of 3 parts. The first one contains 30 questions about short conversations. The second part has 8 questions about longer conversations. The last part asks 12 questions about lectures or talks.

2. Structure and Written Expression (25 minutes)

The Structure and Written Expression section has 15 exercises of completing sentences correctly and 25 exercises of identifying errors.

3. Reading Comprehension (55 minutes)

The Reading Comprehension sections has 50 questions about reading passages.

4. Writing (30 minutes)

The TOEFL PBT administrations include a writing test called the Test of Written English (TWE). This is one essay question with 250–300 words in average.

2. The Computer-Based TOEFL test. (CBT)

At the beginning of July 1998, The Computer-Based TOEFL test was introduced in certain areas of the world. The Computer-Based TOEFL has four sections: Listening, Structure, Reading and Writing.

The Computer-Based TOEFL Test has 4 sections

Section 1: Listening
Section 2: Structure (Grammar)
Section 3: Reading
Section 4: Writing

1. Listening Comprehension:
Measures the ESL student’s ability to understand North American English.

2. Structure & Written Expression
Measures the ESL student’s ability to recognize language appropriate for standard written English.

3. Vocabulary & Reading Comprehension
Measures the ESL student’s ability to understand non-technical reading material.

4. Essay Writing
Measures the ESL student’s ability to express ideas in standard written English.

The Listening section measures the test taker's ability to understand English as it is spoken in North America, including frequently used vocabulary, expressions and grammar. The Structure section measures the ability to recognise language that is appropriate for standard written English. The Reading section uses passages to measure the ability to understand non-technical reading material, but new tasks that require the test taker to become more closely involved with the text have been developed. The Writing section measures the person's ability to generate, organise and support ideas using standard written English in an essay. The essay rating is combined with the Structure section score to create a compiled Structure/Writing scaled score. The essay rating constitutes one-half of the Structure/Writing scaled score.

The computer-based test is reported on a new score scale. This new score scale has been designed to distinguish scores received on the computer-based TOEFL from those received on the paper-based test. For the computer-based test, the examinee receives four scaled scores: Listening (0 to 30), Structure/Writing (0 to 30), Reading (0 to 30), and a total score (000 to 300). The three section scores and a total score are reported on the score report. The essay rating is integrated in the Structure/Writing score; in addition, the score on the essay is reported as an independent rating on the report.

Students should be asked for at least 233, or 250 or above for linguistically more demanding courses. 213 may be acceptable for some courses. The score on the essay is reported as an independent rating on a scale of 1 to 6, where a score of 4 is described as demonstrating minimal competence in writing. A score of 4.5 or 5.0 should normally be required or 5.5 if proficiency in writing is important.

Sumber : http://www.learn4good.com/languages/toefl/about.htm
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